Eohr
The Egyptian Organization for Human Rights
المنظمة المصرية لحقوق الإنسان
العربية about press report annual women campaigns refuges

email

Reports
Cairo: February 2003

 Introduction      Part one        Part two       Part three        Part four

The Effect of the Emergency Law on the Human Rights Situation

 In Egypt: 1992-2002

Table One:

Renewal of Emergency Law 

Law Number

Number

Duration

Official Reason

15 of 1923

1

September, 1939 – October 4, 1945

WWII

15 of 1923

2

May 14,1948- April 29, 1950

Palestinian War

15 of 1923

3

January 26, 1952 – June 2, 1956

Burning of Cairo

523 of 1954

4

November 1, 1956 – March 24, 1964

Tripartite Assault

162 of 1958

5

June 5, 1967 – May 15, 1980

1967 War

162 of 1958

6

October 6, 1981- Currently

Assassination of President Sadat

 Table Two:

 Cases Transferred to Military Court Since 1992; Court Decisions 

No.

Organization

No. of Cases

No. of Accused

No. of Death Sentences

No. of those Imprisoned

No. of those found Innocent

1

Al Jihad

10

479

37

277

165

2

Al Jama'a Islameyya

17

404

51

267

86

3

Al Shawkeyoun

1

32

4

21

7

4

Muslim Brotherhood

6

140

-

95

45

 Add to this number 9 more accused persons, all of whom were a part of the “Egyptian Museum” case, and you have 2 sentenced to death, 6 imprisoned and 1 acquitted.  

In addition, there is the “El Wa'ad Organization” case, in which there were 94 accused persons.

Table Three:

Cases/Military Decisions from 1992-2002

No.

Case

Date of Ruling

No. of Accused

No. of Death Sentences

No. of those Imprisoned

No. found Innocent

1992

1

Return from Afghanistan 2/24/1992

12/1992

26

8, 5 of whom escaped

15, 2 of whom escaped

3

2

Al Jihad 2/23/1992

12/1992

22

-

16

6

 1993

3

Assassination, Ofc Aly Khater

02/1993

1

1

-

-

4

Tourism Pact 06/1993

04/1993

49

7

40

2

5

Minister of Media 11/1993

05/1993

14

7, 1 of whom escaped

3

2, 3 lawsuits denied

6

Al Shawkeyoun 13/1993

08/1993

32

4, 1 of whom ran away

21

7

7

Zeinhom 19/1993

09/1993

8

2

4

2

8

Org. of Al19 20/1993

10/1993

19

2

13, 3 of whom escaped

4

9

Talaa'e' El Fath(A) 18/1993

10/1993

55

8, 2 of whom escaped

33

14

10

Talaa'e' El Fath (B)

10/1993

47

-

18

29

11

Talaa'e' El Fath (C) 23/1993

10/1993

33

1

18

14

12

Talaa'e' El Fath (D) 24/1993

10/1993

54

-

17, 1 of whom escaped

37

 1994

13

Sidy Brany 1/1994

02/1994

6

3

3

-

14

Prime Minister 2/1994

02/1994

15

9 (3)

5

1

15

Minister of the Interior 10/1994

07/1994

17

5

10

2

16

El Mahmoudeya 19/1994

08/1994

11

2 (1)

9 (3)

-

17

Hurgada 23/1993

12/1994

16

2

14

-

 1995

18

Naguib Mahfouz 24/1994

01/1995

16

2

11

3

19

Al Jihad  5/1995

05/1995

42

2

29

11

20

Muslim Brotherhood 8/1995

11/1995

49

-

34 (3-5 years)

15

21

Muslim Brotherhood 11/1995

11/1995

33

-

20 (3-5 years)

12, 1 of which was unacceptable

22

Muslim Brotherhood 13/1995

11/1995

3

-

3

-

23

The Return from Sudan 12/1995

11/1995

24

6

12

6

 1996

24

The Middle Party 5/1996

08/1996

13

-

8 (3-5 years)

5

25

Weapons Smuggling from Sudan 24/1996

11/1996

10

-

8

2

1997

26

Cinema Magda & Marwa Helwan 28/1996

01/1997

19

4

13

2

27

Bank Bombing 56/1997

09/1997

98

4

70

23,1 of whom died

28

Khan El Khalily 60/ 1997

10/1997

87

3

53

31

29

Egyptian Museum 65/ 1997

10/1997

9

2

6

1

30

Doctor Accused of Illegal Fundraising

11/1997

1

-

1

-

 1998

31

Org. of Abou Rawash 59/1998

02/1998

65

2

31

32

 1999

32

Return from Albania 6/1998

04/1999

107

9

78

20

 2000

33

Professional Syndicates 18/1999

11/2000

20

-

15

5

2002

34

El Wa'ad  24/2001

09/2002

94

-

51

43

35

Doctors' Org. 29/2001

07/2002

22

-

16 (3-5 years)

6

Table Four:

Muslim Brotherhood Cases Sent To Military Court 

No.

Case

Date of Ruling

No. Accused

No. Imprisoned

No. Found Innocent

Notes on Imprisonment

1

8/1995 R.E.

23/11/1995

49

34

15

3-5 Years

2

11/1995 R.E.

23/11/1995

33

20

12

3-5 Years

3

13/1995 R.E.

30/11/1995

3

2

1

15 Years

4

5/1996 R.E.

14/8/1996

13

8

5

1-3 Years

5

18/1999 R.E.

9/11/2000

20

15

5

3-5 Years

6

29/2001 R.E.

30/7/2002

22

16

6

3-5 Years

 Total:                                                             140                         95                           44

 Table Five:

Death Sentences Issued By Both the Criminal and Supreme State Security Courts 

No.

Case

No. of Accused

Name(s)

Date

Notes

1

Assassination of State Security Ofc. Ahmed Alaa in Fayoum

1

Morsy Ramadan Morsy

25/5/1993

 

2

Assassination of Farag Fouda

2

Abdel Shafy Ahmed Ramadan

30/12/1993

13 were accused, 8 proved innocent, 3 imprisoned, 1 dead

3

Death of Secret Agent in Esna

3

Mohamed Saeed Aly Ahmed;

Mohamed Quenawy;

Montaser El Amir Bahr

19/4/1995

10 were accused; 1 found innocent; 6 got life sentences

4

Officer Killed in Suez

3

Mohamed Fawzy Ibrahim;

Ahmed Abdel Kader Bakry;

Gharib Elshahat (a Fugitive)

9/7/1995

18 Accused; 2 found innocent; 13 imprisnoed

5

Aswan Org. Killed 3 policemen

3

Mohamed Abdel Raouf Mohamed;

Ayman Kamal Mohamed;

Nasser Mohamed Abdel Kerim

5/51996

29 accused; 7 found innocent; 19 imprisoned

6

Quena Org. Assassination of  General Ghobara and Others

2

Anwar Hamed Abbas;

Ahmed Abdel Wehab Khalil

31/10/1996

23 accused, 5 of whom died during clashes with police; 19 imprisoned; 7 found innocent.

7

Assiut Org. Assassination of  General El Shimy and Others

5

Mostafa Eissa;

Elnemery Ramadan;

Adel Abdel Ghany;

Abdel Hamid Abo Akrab;

Monir Abdel Hafez

6/1/1997

32 accused; 5 imprisoned; 19 found innocent; and 1 died

8

Tama Org. Attack of Police Station

2

Mohamed Fawzy Abdel Azim;

Mahmoud Mostafa Soliman

1/12/1997

4 Accused; 2 sentenced to life imprisonment; 2 found innocent.

9

Major Assassinations

3

Hassan Khalifa Osman;

Refaat Zidan (Fugitive);

Abdel Hamid Osman (Fugitive)

1/12/1998

 

 Table Six:

Journalists Charged with Publishing Crimes Sent to State Security Prosecutors 

No.

Org.

No. of Accused

Name of Journalist

Date of Transfer

Type of Charge

Note

1

El Shaab News-paper

4

Salah Badawy;

Aly Alkomash;

Adel Hussein;

Magdy Hussein

7/10/1993 State Security

Publishing Articles Insulting President; Spreading Fanatical Ideas

Pro-visional detention

2

El Arab N.P.

1

Mahmoud El Maraghy

11/1993

Spreading Fanatical Ideas (Publishing an Interview with Ayman El Zawahry)

 

3

El Shaab N.P.

1

Mostafa Bakry

16/3/1994

Publishing Articles on Police Force Against Protestors

 

4

Speaker at El-Mraghy Mosque

1

Ahmed Abdel Azim

8/1994

Publishing a Book Spreading Hatred of Jews

Pro-visional detention

5

Al Ahrar N.P.

1

Mostafa Bakry

18/9/1994

Publishing falsehoods; Sympathizing with Fanatics

Pro-visional detention

6

El Ard Maga-zine

1

Hamed Yassin

15/10/

1994

Publishing an Article for Ahmed Nabil Elhelay Criticizing the National Dialogue Conference

Pro-visional detention

7

Sec-retary General, Labour Party

1

Adel Hussein

25/12/

1994

Owning Pamphlets  Spreading Fanatical Ideas

Pro-visional detention

8

Al Ahrar

2

Hesham Ayad;

Mostafa Bakry

24/5/1995

Insulting and Criticizing the  Minister of Scientific Research

 

9

Al Wafd

4

Gamal Badawy;

Saeed Abdel Khalek;

Samy Aboul Ezz;

Amr Okasha

15/1/1995

Insulting and Criticizing Abdel Moneim Emara

 

10

El Araby

2

Mahmoud Elmaraghy;

Adel Elhawary

13/11/

1995

Insulting and Criticizing Abdel Moneim Ramadan

 

11

Rosal Yusuf

3

Wael Elebrashy;

Adel Hamouda; Mahmoud Eltohamy

31/1/1995

Insulting judges

They were released

12

Rosal Yusuf

1

Karam Gabr

3/1995

Publishing Falsehoods Regarding a Session of the  People's Assembly

 

13

Al Ahaly

2

Abdel Aal Elbakoury;-Hamdy Gomaa

4/8/1995

Publishing News Meant to Disrupt Public Order and Security

They were released

14

Journal-ist

1

Hamdein Sebahy

17/6/1997

Authoring Ideas Contradicting the Ruling Class/Status Quo

Pro-visional detention

15

El Wafd

2

Abbas Eltarabily; Mohamed Abdel Alim

10/2/1999

Publishing News Regarding A Strike

Paid 500 LE and was Released

16

El Shaab

1

Layla Abdel Hamid

16/2/1999

 

 

17

El Araby

1

Galal Aref

14/12/ 1999

Insulting a Prosecutor

 

18

El Wafd

2

Gamal Shawky;

Abbas Eltarabily

7/2/1999

Spreading Rumors

 

19

El Naba' Al Watany

1

Mamdouh Mahran

20/9/2000

Publishing Poems

 

20

-

1

Salah Eldin Abdel Mohsen

27/1/2001

Novel of Lighting Shakes

 

21

El Mah-rousa Centre

1

Farid Zahran

21/9/2001

Spreading Agitating News

 

22

-

1

Ahmed Mohamed Hegazy

7/9/2002

Publishing Poems

 

 Table (7)

Peaceful Demonstrations Cancelled Between 1992-2002

No.

Place of Demonstration

Date

Reasons

How it was cancelled

Note

1

Meetings at the Lawyer’s and Engineer’s Syndicates in Damanhou

16/7/1993

Peaceful Meeting supporting Bosnian Muslims

Shots Fired at those Gathered

Shots were fired despite requisite permission obtained; 100 arrested

2

Meeting at the Road El Farag Market

17/8/1993

Meeting Regarding Possible Move of Market to El Obour city

Shots fired at the people

About 50 persons injured, some of whom were women and children

3

Alexandria University

25/10/1993

Peaceful Demonstrations Against Suspending 580 Students for 2 Weeks

Rubber Bullets Fired At Students

Tens of Students Injured;12 Arrested

4

Alexandria University

27/10/1993

Peaceful Demonstrations Against Presence of Security Forces at the University

 

10 Students Arrested

5

Cairo University

1993

Peaceful Demonstrations Against the Suspension of 150 students As Well As the Arrest of the Head of the Student Union

The University was Surrounded by Security Forces

16 Students Expelled

6

Lawyer Syndicate

17/5/1994

Peaceful Demonstration Against the Death of Abdel Hareth Madany due to Torture; Call for Release of Lawyers Imprisoned on Insufficient Grounds

Throwing Tear-gas and Shooting Rubber Bullets at Lawyers

Many Injuries Sustained; 37 Lawyers Arrested

7

Village of East and West Elbenwan in The Kafr El Sheikh Governorate

13/9/1994

Staving Himself against the El Waqf Agency for seizing their Lands

Cutting off water to reach the village and not offering medical assistance to those on the hunger strike

 

8

Factories of Spinning and Weaving in Kafr el Dawar

27/9/1994

Peaceful sit-in to protest against the preventing the employees from getting medical excuses, overtime etc.

Although the employees did not leave their work, still the security forces cut the electricity from the factory and shot randomly on everyone in and around the factory, even the families of the workers, who were standing outside the factory

4 citizens were killed including a child, tens were injured, 71 persons were arrested, and 31 workers were detained.

9

Health Artistic Institute in Alexandria

22/1/1994

Protesting the expulsion of one of the students

Security forces prevented students from entering or leaving the institute

6 students were arrested

10

University students in Cairo

2/3/1994

Protests against the Khalil Massacre in Palestine

Security forces surrounding the university and throwing tear-gas and shooting rubber bullets at the students

Hundreds were injured and hundreds were arrested

11

Doctors syndicate in Cairo

25/4/1994

Protest by the members participating in the conference supporting the Muslims in Bosnia

The syndicate was surrounded by security forces and the protest was cancelled

 

12

El Wardeyan area in west Alexandria

9/5/1994

Protesting against the governor's decision to dissolve the striking organization in Habl Allah Alkhayreyya

Clashes between security forces and the demonstrators

150 persons were arrested- 400 citizens

13

High Institute for Agricultural Cooperation

23/10/1994

Demonstration by the students

Security forces dissolves the demonstration

 

14

Ein Shams university

22/3/1995

Peaceful demonstration against Israel's participation in the Cairo international agricultural and industrial exhibition

Security forces surrounded the university and threw tear-gas on the students inside the campus

There were many injuries, and 9 students were arrested

15

Ein Shams university

3/1995

Protesting the Israeli participation in the Cairo international market

Security forces entering the university and arresting many students

The student Basel Ramsis was badly beaten and tortured inside the university and the state security office later on

16

Inside the Cairo market

1995

Protesting the participation of Israel in the Cairo international market

Security forces attacked the demonstration

46 students were arrested

17

In different production areas

1995

Workers protesting against the decrease of wages and the firing of many workers

 

33700 workers participated in these demonstrations

18

El Nasr factory for cars in Helwan

8/1995

Ten thousand workers striking for not getting their allowance and asking for higher meal-expenses

Threatening to fire the workers, and actually firing one of them

 

19

Cairo international Market

24/3/1995

Protesting the participation of Israel in the Cairo international market

Throwing tear-gas on the demonstrators

22 citizens were arrested

20

Workers of the internal transportation utility in Mahalla- Tanta

January 1997

4000 workers striking for the grant they never got since the ministerial decree of 1981

 

43 workers were arrested

21

Electrical factory in Qalyubeyya Gorvernorate

10/3/1997

1800 workers striking and protesting against the strict decisions of the board members

The factory was surrounded by security forces and no one was allowed to enter or leave the building

 

22

Cairo University

26/3/1997

Peaceful demonstration against the Israeli plan of constructing new settlements

 

5 citizens were arrested

23

CETA Company in Alexandria

6/4/1997

Workers striking against the decrease in the incentives

Throwing tear-gas and beating up the workers

32 workers were arrested

24

Zaqazik University

15/6/1997

Workers and employees of the university protesting against the decision of lowering the incentives

Security forces entered the campus and threw tear-gas

270 workers and employees were arrested and injured

25

United Company for Chicken in Alexandria

July 1997

Workers asking the administration to put a certain program for privatization to guarantee their rights

The security forces threatened of using force, so the demonstrators backed off

 

26

Elsalheyya Company for Investment and Development in Ismaileyya

8/1997

The workers demonstrated against selling the company and threatened the administration

Security forces interfered and used tear-gas

Some workers were injured and others were arrested

27

Misr Company

10/11/1997

Seven thousand workers striking against the lowering of the decided profit

Security forces interfering

 

28

El Karna village Bandar of Luxor

17/11/1998

Policemen and security forces approached the buildings in question with the necessary instruments in order to destroy these buildings

Clashes between policemen and the citizens, but policemen taking control after using tear-gas and arresting many people

4 persons were killed, and many were injured

29

Puppet Show

11/3/1998

Gathering for the commemoration of Naguib Fakhry

Decision by Mr. Samy Khashaba, Deputy of Ministry of Culture to cancel the show

The show took place in the EOHR on the night of the same day

30

Zaqazik city

29/9/1998

Seminar for women awareness by EOHR on personal status

Security forces prevented the seminar from taking place

 

31

Demro village in Kafr El Sheikh

25/7/1998

Stopping the village from getting water

Arresting the people randomly

54 of them were sent to the prosecution

32

Luxor

17/4/1998

Executing destruction decisions

4 people were killed

 

33

El Sharkeyya

12/8/1998

Executing destruction decisions

Many people were injured and 20 were arrested

 

34

Belkas

9/4/1998

The death of a citizen inside the police station of Belkas

The death of a citizen during demonstrations

He was taken to juvenile

35

Pottery makers in Misr El Kadima

4/1/1998

Executing destruction decisions

Arresting citizens

100 persons were randomly arrested

36

In front of the Arabic Democratic Nasserist party to the presidential palace in Abdien

23/12/1998

Peaceful demonstration by the political parties in Egypt in solidarity with the Iraqis

Security forces threatening and abusing the demonstrators

The security forces abused all the demonstrating forces

37

El Tahrir Square

10/9/2001

A demonstration by the representatives of the political parties and the unions against the Israeli policies

The security forces surrounded the demonstrators

 

38

Egypt's universities

Oct.- Dec. 2001

Various demonstrations against the American assault on Afghanistan, and in solidarity with the Palestinians

The security forces surrounded the demonstrators and beat them up

 

39

Students of Physiotherapy at Cairo University

19/5/2001

Peaceful demonstration against the bad treatment of the doctors in El Qasr El Einy

Beating the students with electrifies sticks

26 students were injured

40

Elsaff Court in Giza

25/2/2001

Some lawyers striking against the assault by the police officers of Elsaff center

 

 

41

The islands of Eldahab and Mohamed in Giza

28/5/2001

Tens of citizens demonstrating against the prime minister's decision

Security forces used sticks and tear-gas against the demonstrators

 

42

Zaqazik city

14/7/2001

Clashes between the graduates and the security forces

Security forces using sticks and tear-gas

There were many injuries and some were arrested

43

Tanta

15/7/2001

Demonstration by hundreds of graduates

Security forces beating up the students with sticks

Some of the demonstrators were injured

44

Portsaid governorate

January 2002

Demonstrating against the new imports' law

Arresting the demonstrators

 

45

Cairo and Alexandria universities

9/4/2002

Criticizing the Israeli policies against the Palestinians

Security forces used weapons against the demonstrators

Injuring and arresting a huge number of students

46

Cairo university and some high school students

2/4/2002

Criticizing the Israeli policies against the Palestinians

Using tear-gas and sticks against the students

9 students were injured and 60 scholars were arrested

47

In front of Public syndicate for the lawyers

30/3/2002

In solidarity with the Palestinians

Demonstrators were beaten by the officers

 

 

Copyright © 2002 EOHR. All rights reserved.
8/10 Mathaf El-Manial ST, 10th Floor,Manyal El-roda,Cairo,Egypt
Tel :(202 ) 3636811 - 3620467 ... Fax : 2023621613